Chapter 20 Endnotes

 1 Buchman to Sir Lynden Macassey, 7 May 1935.

 2 Trygve Bull: Mot Dag av ErIing Falk (Cappelens Forlag, 1945).

 3 Stortingsforhandlingere, 5 July 1957.

 4 Buchman to Carl Hambro, 27 August 1934.

 5 Unpublished account by Fredrik Ramm.

 6 Victor Sparre: The Flame in the Darkness (Grosvenor, 1979), p. 116.

 7 Loudon Hamilton to Beatrice Hamilton, 2 and 6 November 1934.

 8 Basil Yates to author, 1981.

 9 Tidens Tegn, 12 November 1934.

10 Bergens Aftenblad, 5 December 1934.

11 Drammens Tidende, 12 December 1934.

12 See Tore Stubberud: Victor Sparre (Aventura Forlag, 1984), p. 12.

13 The Times, 31 December 1934.

14 Tidens Tegn, 24 December 1934.

15 ibid., 1 May 1935.

16 At a meeting for 50th anniversary of Høsbjør house-party, 27 October 1984.

17 The Spectator, 1 February 1935.

18 ibid., 15 February 1935.

19 Quoted in Martin MSS.

20 Drammens Tidende, December 1933. Contemporary translation. Copies for 3 and 11 December missing from newspaper's own files. As Hambro spoke in London on 6 December, date of article is probably 11 December.

21 Stortingsforhandlingere, 23January 1935.

22 ibid., 26 March 1935.

23 Bishop Arne Fjellbu: En Biskop ser tilbake (Gyldendal, 1960), p. 186.

24 The Spectator, 15 February 1935.

25 Buchman, pp. 6-9.

26 Einar Molland: Church History from Hans Nielsen Hauge to Eivind Berggrav (Gyldendal, 1968), pp. 78-81.

27 Eye-witness account related to author.

28 Molland, p. 86.

29 Eye-witness account of the story told by Mowinckel at the home of Advocate Erling Wikborg and related to the author by Svend Major.

30 Kirke og Kultur, No. XLIII (Oslo, 1936).

31 Personal account to author.

32 Karl F. Wisløff: Norske Kirke Historic (Lutherstiftelsen, Oslo, 1966-71), Vol. III, p. 423.

33 C. A. R. Christensen: Vårt Folks Historic, Vol. VIII (Aschehoug, 1961), p.270.

34 Carl Hambro to Buchman, 7 February 1935.

35 Buchman to Carl Hambro, March 1935.

36 Ramm, unpublished MS.

37 Broadcast of 13 January 1935.

38 Dagens Nyheder, 14 January 1935.

39 Buchman to H. Kenaston Twitchell, 30 January 1935.

40 ibid.

41 Berlingske Tidende, 20 August 1935.

42 Undated contemporary typescript translation.

43 Social-Demokraten, 28 March 1935.

44 Kristeligt Dagblad, 29 March 1935.

45 Dagens Nyheder, April 1935.

46 Buchman to Carl Henrik Clemmensen, 11 May 1935.

47 Dagens Nyheder, 10 June 1935.

48 For account of Danish campaign see Emil Blytgen-Petersen: Oxford i Danmark (Haase, 1935).

49 Conversation and letters from Alfred Nielsen to author, August 1981.

50 Scandinavian Review, February 1940.

51 Berlingske Tidende, 19 October 1935.

52 Extrabladet, April 1936.

53 See Henrik S. Nissen and Hening Poulsen: På Dansk Friheds Grund, for a description of his work in bringing understanding between Socialist politicians and the Danish army during the Occupation.

54 Irene Gates to Buchman, 23 October 1943, reporting conversation with Karen Petersen.

55 In September 1940 for his article on 'Loyalty' in Kirke og Kultur. See also: Bjarne Hoye and Trygve Ager: The Fight of the Norwegian Church against Nazism (Macmillan, 1943), pp. 15, 16, 51, 78.

56 Everybody's Weekly, 11 December 1944. For an account of Fredrik Ramm in prison and his journey to Odense, see Hiltgunt Zassenhaus: Walls (Coronet Books, 1977), pp. 71, 77-8, 123-31.

57 Bethge, pp. 656-8.

58 Confirmed in a two-page interview by Francis Goulding in New World News, June 1945. See also Christensen, p. 451:'The Oxford Group…has played a part in reducing tensions in the religious life of Norway during the last decades, and it prepared the way for co-operation between the religious movements during the [German] occupation.'

59 Reported in Everybody's Weekly by Ronald Chamberlain, MP, 5 September 1946.

60 Buchman, p. 324.